GALILEJ GALILEO. THE NIGHT SKY

Supervision of the night sky of Galilej has begun at once as soon as it managed to design a pipe giving triple increase. He has found out that the Moon surface very much reminds terrestrial - the same mountains, plains and deep hollows! The Milky Way till now seeming by a continuous white strip, by consideration in a telescope was scattered on miriady stars!

Thus, Dzhordano Bruno's courageous thought that stars - the sun - infinite set so, Universe open spaces are boundless and inexhaustible, has found the acknowledgement. But it was not all. On January, 7th, 1610 there was a significant event: having directed the constructed telescope (approximately with 30-fold increase) on the sky, Galilej has noticed near Jupiter three light points are there were its companions (later Galilej has found out also the fourth). Repeating supervision through certain intervals of time, he was convinced that companions address round Jupiter. Galilej named them ' Medici's stars ', ' Medical Itsejsky stars ' in honour of the duke of Tuscan Kozimo of 11 Medicis.

This opening gave the incontestable proof of that not only the Earth can be the centre of the reference of heavenly bodies. One more of the major astronomical opening of Galileo Galilee javljaetja opening of phases of Venus. Long supervision have allowed the scientist to draw a conclusion that Venus rotates not round the Earth as believed Ptolemej, and round the Sun. From opening of phases of Venus one more important conclusion followed: Venus is not shone by own light, and only reflects Sun light. So, planets, as well as the Earth, by the nature are dark. This opening has allowed to solve the greatest dispute in the history of astronomy. Besides it, observing solar stains, Galilej has found out that they move on a solar surface, and has drawn a conclusion that the Sun rotates about the axis. After that it was easy to admit that rotation round an axis is peculiar to all heavenly bodies, and not just the Earth. Even this fluent list would allow to rank Galilee as the greatest astronomers, but its role was exclusive already because it has made really revolutionary revolution, having begun tool astronomy as a whole.

Astronomical opening Galilee were evident acknowledgement of the doctrine of ingenious Kopernik. Galileo perfectly understood their importance. It has described the telescopic supervision in the small composition which has left in March, 1610 under the proud name ' the Star bulletin '. After censors it is oath have testified that ' in the book does not contain anything opposite to Catholic belief, laws and kind customs ', this work has been published very big for those times by circulation - 550 copies which have dispersed within several days.